Decorators in Python-Complete Tutorial

This Decorators in Python-Complete Tutorial is made for you. At the end of this tutorial, you will have full knowledge of the Decorators in Python.

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Part 18- Decorators in Python-Complete Tutorial

In this article of Python Tutorial, you will learn following-

1. What is a Decorator in Python?
2. How to Create a Decorator in Python?
3. Use of Decorator in Python.

What is a Decorator in Python?

A Decorator extends the behavior of the function. A decorator allows implementing new features to an existing function without modifying the function itself. You can call the decorator before the function in which you wanna decorate.

For example-

@class_method
def commons(cls):

Here, @class_method is a decorator. It extends the behavior of the function and it describes the function behavior.

How to Create a Decorator in Python?

A Decorator is itself a function. You can create your own decorator, so for creating own decorator, let’s see in the example below-

Before defining any decorator, use the “@” operator.

Syntax of Decorator-

@decorator_name
def function_name
    #function body

Call decorator before any function, in which you wanna use a decorator.

Example-

def cough_dec(func):
   def func_wrapper():
      print("cough")          #code before function
      func()
      print("cough")          #code after function
   return func_wrapper
@cough_dec
def question():
   print("can you give discount?")

@cough_dec
def answer():
   print("it's only 50")
question()
answer()

OUTPUT-
*cough*
can you give discount?
*cough*
*cough*
it's only 50
*cough*

Here, “def func_wrapper()” is a wrapper function, which is defining the decorator. “return func_wrapper” is returning wrapper function. “@cough_dec” is a decorator.

To create your own decorator, you can create it as a function like in the example “def cough_dec(func)“. And inside that function, create a wrapper function like “def func_wrapper()”. Where you can define the behavior of a function.

After that, outside from wrapper function “def func_wrapper()”, return it as “return func_wrapper”. So, by doing this you can create your own decorator and then you can use this decorator many time, whenever you want.

Use of Decorator in Python–

Decorators are used in –

• Logging,
• Run time check,
• Synchronization,
• Type checking,
• Debugging,
• In web framework and many more.

That’s all for the Decorator in Python. I hope now you have a better understanding of the Decorator in Python.

Congratulations! You successfully learned the Decorator in Python.

In the next tutorial, we will start learning Reading & Writing files in Python.

Till then, Enjoy Learning Python!

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